当前，风电光伏规模化普及、电动化已成为能源转型的主流路径。但航空、远洋航运、重型工业等场景难以依靠电池、氢能实现深度脱碳。在此背景下，迭代升级的生物制造技术，成为补齐能源转型短板、构建多元低碳能源体系的关键创新路径。

Currently, the large-scale popularization and electrification of wind power and photovoltaic energy have become the mainstream path for energy transformation. However, in scenarios such as aviation, ocean shipping, and heavy industry, it is difficult to achieve deep decarbonization solely through batteries and hydrogen. Against this backdrop, the iterative upgraded biomanufacturing technology has become a key innovative path to fill the gaps in energy transformation and build a diversified low-carbon energy system.

新一代生物制造依托合成生物学技术，打破了传统生物能源的局限，完成了产业迭代升级。相较于传统粮食基生物燃料，当下以秸秆、餐厨废油、工业尾气、二氧化碳为原料的技术路线日趋成熟，可稳定产出生物航煤、绿色甲醇、生物天然气等清洁能源。这类能源产品兼容性极强，无须改造现有燃油设备、管网体系，能快速适配高难度脱碳场景，为难电气化领域提供了可落地的低碳解决方案。

The new generation of bio-manufacturing relies on synthetic biology technology, breaking through the limitations of traditional bioenergy and completing the industrial iteration and upgrading. Compared with traditional biofuels based on food resources, the current technical routes using raw materials such as straw, kitchen waste oil, industrial exhaust gas, and carbon dioxide are becoming increasingly mature. They can stably produce clean energy such as biojet fuel, green methanol, and bionatural gas. These energy products have extremely strong compatibility and do not require the modification of existing fuel equipment or pipeline systems. They can quickly adapt to difficult decarbonization scenarios and provide feasible low-carbon solutions for non-electrified fields.

在全球能源低碳竞争赛道上，生物制造已成为各国布局的重点。美国加快推进生物制造向能源化、产业化、智能化和安全化方向发展。欧盟持续加码可持续航空燃料、船用绿色燃料产业，抢占绿色能源产业链高端。我国拥有丰富的农林废弃物、工业尾气资源，具备天然的产业发展优势。近年来，生物航煤、尾气制燃料等示范项目加速落地，逐步缩小国际差距，成为能源产业出海竞争的新支点。

In the global competition arena for low-carbon energy, biomanufacturing has become a key focus for various countries. The United States is accelerating the development of biomanufacturing towards energyization, industrialization, intelligence, and safety. The European Union is continuously increasing investment in sustainable aviation fuel and marine green fuel industries, aiming to seize the high-end of the green energy value chain. China has abundant agricultural and forestry waste resources and industrial exhaust gas resources, which naturally give it an advantage in industrial development. In recent years, demonstration projects such as biojet fuel and fuel from exhaust gas have been accelerating their implementation, gradually narrowing the international gap and becoming a new pivot for the energy industry's overseas competition.

但产业升温之下，更需保持理性克制。目前，生物制造能源应用仍存在明显短板，废弃油脂、木质纤维素等原料供给存在上限，前沿气体发酵、负碳生物燃料技术仍受制于成本高、规模化难等问题。同时，部分项目存在全生命周期碳核算不规范、产能与原料供给不匹配的隐患，粗放式发展将透支产业发展潜力。

However, with the industry heating up, it is even more necessary to maintain rationality and restraint. Currently, there are still significant shortcomings in the application of bio-manufactured energy. The supply of raw materials such as waste oils and lignocellulose has an upper limit. Frontier technologies like gas fermentation and negative carbon biofuels are still constrained by high costs and difficulties in large-scale production. At the same time, some projects have potential risks such as non-standard carbon accounting throughout the life cycle and mismatch between production capacity and raw material supply. Uncontrolled development will deplete the potential for industrial development.

立足落实“双碳”目标与保障能源安全两个大局，生物制造的发展核心在于稳中提质。既要持续深耕合成生物技术、抢抓全球产业机遇，也要坚守产业发展规律，让生物制造成为能源转型的可靠增量。

Based on the implementation of the "carbon neutrality" goal and the guarantee of energy security, the core of the development of biomanufacturing lies in maintaining stability while improving quality. We must not only continuously deepen the research and application of synthetic biology technology and seize global industrial opportunities, but also adhere to the laws of industrial development, making biomanufacturing a reliable addition to the energy transformation.