中国石油网消息：近日，由吐哈油田采油工艺研究院牵头开展的油田首口油管外电加热机抽井，在准东新区萨15井的现场试验圆满成功，标志着吐哈油田在稠油高含蜡区块的举升工艺上取得了新突破。

China Oil News: Recently, the first oil well with external electric heating mechanism for tubing in the oilfield, led by the Oil Production Technology Research Institute of Tuha Oilfield, successfully completed its on-site test in the S15 well of the Jizhuang New District. This marks a new breakthrough in the lifting technology of Tuha Oilfield in the high-wax and heavy-oil blocks.

萨15井所在区块稠油流动性差、举升阻力高，抽油机运行载荷偏大。设备长期高负荷运转，极易出现机件磨损、故障频发等问题，严重影响油井生产时率。同时，由于原油举升过程中温度下降，蜡质易析出附着于油管内壁，造成通道缩径、流通受阻，进一步加重抽油机的生产负荷。

The block where Well SA15 is located has poor fluidity of heavy oil and high lifting resistance. The operating load of the pumping unit is relatively large. The equipment operates under high load for a long time, which easily leads to component wear and frequent failures, seriously affecting the production rate of the oil well. At the same time, during the lifting process of crude oil, the temperature drops, and wax is prone to precipitate and adhere to the inner wall of the tubing, causing the channel to narrow and circulation to be blocked, further increasing the production load of the pumping unit.

为破解此类难题，采油工艺研究院技术团队创新思路，把一体化电加热装置牢牢包覆在油管外壁，给井筒油管穿上了一层可控恒温的“加热外衣”。依靠外部升温持续提高井筒流体的整体温度，既能降低原油黏度，改善流动性能，从源头降低机抽举升阻力，还能有效抑制管壁蜡质析出。

To solve such problems, the technical team of the Oil Production Technology Research Institute came up with an innovative idea. They firmly encased the integrated electric heating device around the outer wall of the oil pipe, giving the wellbore oil pipe a layer of controllable and constant-temperature "heating coat". By continuously increasing the overall temperature of the wellbore fluid through external heating, it not only reduces the viscosity of the crude oil and improves the flow performance, but also reduces the pumping resistance at the source and effectively inhibits the precipitation of wax on the pipe wall.

“现场实施环节，最棘手的一关就是井下绝缘防护与外壁固定工艺。”项目负责人介绍。为适配千米深井的高压、高温、复杂流体等工况，团队前后开展上百轮数据核算与工况模拟，反复优化结构设计，保障这套井下“加热外衣”稳定发热、耐压抗损、防腐蚀，可靠地适配井下的严苛环境。据悉，该装置还可根据油井生产需求灵活调整输出电压，精准管控井筒加热温度。

In the on-site implementation phase, the most challenging part was the underground insulation protection and outer wall fixation process. The project leader explained. To adapt to the high pressure, high temperature, and complex fluid conditions of a well over a thousand meters deep, the team conducted hundreds of rounds of data calculations and condition simulations, repeatedly optimizing the structural design to ensure that this underground "heating jacket" could stably generate heat, withstand pressure and damage, resist corrosion, and reliably adapt to the harsh environment of the well. It is also known that this device can flexibly adjust the output voltage according to the production needs of the oil well and precisely control the heating temperature of the wellbore.

该技术将电加热单元外附于油管壁上，消除了内加热占用油管通道的弊端，对机抽井等已占据油管通道的采油方式适配性更强。萨15井试验后，井口温度由16.5摄氏度提高至48摄氏度，产液量较试验前增加8.1立方米/日，增幅达到84.9%，升温降黏提产效果明显。

This technology attaches the electric heating unit externally to the oil pipe wall, eliminating the drawback of internal heating that occupies the oil pipe channel. It is more compatible with oil production methods that already occupy the oil pipe channel, such as pumping wells. After the test in Well SA15, the wellhead temperature increased from 16.5 degrees Celsius to 48 degrees Celsius, and the liquid production volume increased by 8.1 cubic meters per day compared to before the test, with an increase rate of 84.9%. The effect of temperature rise, viscosity reduction and increase in production was obvious.