当前全球能源体系正经历深度调整，国际经贸规则加快重塑，绿色燃料已站上全球能源产业竞争的前沿阵地。近年来，地缘政治冲突持续冲击国际油气供应链，红海航运波动、巴拿马运河通航受限、中东局势变化等因素，不断加剧国际油气市场价格波动与供应中断风险。对于油气对外依存度较高的经济体而言，外部环境不确定性上升，已成为影响能源安全的重要因素。

The current global energy system is undergoing profound adjustments, and international economic and trade rules are accelerating their reshaping. Green fuels have taken the lead position at the forefront of the global energy industry competition. In recent years, geopolitical conflicts have continuously disrupted the international oil and gas supply chain. Factors such as fluctuations in Red Sea shipping, restricted passage through the Panama Canal, and changes in the situation in the Middle East have continuously exacerbated the risks of price fluctuations and supply disruptions in international oil and gas markets. For economies with high dependence on oil and gas imports, the increase in external environmental uncertainty has become an important factor affecting energy security.

在此背景下，以可再生能源为核心生产的绿氢、绿色甲醇、绿氨、可持续航空燃料等绿色燃料，正从单一产业应用方向升级为兼具保障能源安全、推动产业升级、塑造绿色竞争新优势的战略性赛道。2026年3月，国家能源局召开绿色燃料产业发展专题座谈会，会议明确指出，发展绿色燃料产业，有利于替代石油、保障能源安全，有利于降低碳排放、促进绿色发展，有利于促进新能源非电利用和消纳、增强发展新动能。这充分表明，绿色燃料在我国能源发展全局中的战略地位显著提升。

In this context, green hydrogen, green methanol, green ammonia, sustainable aviation fuel and other green fuels, which are produced based on renewable energy, are upgrading from a single industrial application direction to a strategic field that not only ensures energy security but also promotes industrial upgrading and shapes new competitive advantages in the green sector. In March 2026, the National Energy Administration held a special symposium on the development of green fuel industries. The meeting clearly pointed out that developing the green fuel industry is beneficial for replacing petroleum, ensuring energy security, reducing carbon emissions, promoting green development, promoting the non-electric utilization and consumption of new energy, and enhancing new development momentum. This fully demonstrates that the strategic position of green fuels in the overall energy development of our country has significantly improved.

绿色燃料成为全球能源转型关键着力点

Green fuels have become a key focus in the global energy transition.

当前，绿色燃料已成为全球能源转型与国际产业竞争的关键赛道，主要经济体纷纷通过政策约束、市场激励等方式加快战略布局，万亿级产业市场空间加速释放。欧盟出台《可持续航空燃料条例》(ReFuelEU)，明确要求2030年可持续航空燃料在航空燃料中的添加比例提升至6%;国际航空运输协会(IATA)预测，全球可持续航空燃料消费量将从2025年的600万吨快速增长至2030年的 1800万-2000万吨，市场需求呈爆发式增长。美国依托《通胀削减法案》(IRA)为可持续航空燃料提供每加仑最高1.75美元的税收优惠，并加快制定2026-2027年可再生燃料相关标准，持续强化政策引导与市场支持。国际海事组织相关净零排放框架虽尚未完成投票，但全球主流航运企业已从市场化、长期化视角出发，马士基、达飞、中远海运等企业纷纷提前订造甲醇动力船舶，形成规模化、刚性化的远期燃料需求，为绿色燃料产业发展提供了坚实市场支撑。在陆路交通领域，甲醇重卡已成为清洁替代的重要方向，依托甲醇燃料便捷储运、适配现有交通体系的特点，有效弥补了纯电动在重载、长途场景下的应用短板。绿色燃料的应用大幅减少油气消耗、降低对传统化石能源的对外依存度，对保障国家能源安全具有重要意义。

Currently, green fuels have become a key sector in the global energy transition and international industrial competition. Major economies are accelerating their strategic planning through policy constraints and market incentives, and the trillion-dollar industry market space is accelerating its release. The European Union has issued the "Sustainable Aviation Fuel Regulation" (ReFuelEU), clearly requiring that the proportion of sustainable aviation fuel in aviation fuel be increased to 6% by 2030. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) predicts that global consumption of sustainable aviation fuel will grow rapidly from 6 million tons in 2025 to 18-20 million tons in 2030, with a burst-like growth in market demand. The United States, relying on the "Inflation Reduction Act" (IRA), provides a maximum tax incentive of $1.75 per gallon for sustainable aviation fuel and is accelerating the formulation of relevant standards for renewable fuels from 2026 to 2027, continuously strengthening policy guidance and market support. Although the relevant net-zero emission framework of the International Maritime Organization has not yet completed the voting, global mainstream shipping enterprises have, from a market-oriented and long-term perspective, Maersk, CMA CGM, and COSCO Shipping, etc., have all ordered methanol-powered ships in advance, forming a large-scale and rigidized long-term fuel demand, providing solid market support for the development of green fuels. In the land transportation sector, methanol heavy trucks have become an important direction for clean substitution. Leveraging the convenient storage and transportation of methanol fuel and its compatibility with the existing transportation system, it effectively compensates for the application shortcomings of pure electric vehicles in heavy-load and long-distance scenarios. The application of green fuels significantly reduces oil consumption and lowers the dependence on traditional fossil energy, which is of great significance for ensuring national energy security.

工业领域深度减排需求，进一步凸显绿色燃料的现实价值。合成氨、合成甲醇均为高耗能、高排放行业，是工业减碳的重点攻坚领域，同时也是国民经济发展不可或缺的重要基础化工原料。以绿色低碳路径改造提升传统合成氨、合成甲醇产业，是推动工业领域节能降碳、保障产业链供应链稳定的重要方向。

The demand for deep emission reduction in the industrial sector has further highlighted the practical value of green fuels. Synthesis ammonia and synthesis methanol are both energy-intensive and emission-intensive industries, and are key areas for industrial carbon reduction. They are also indispensable basic chemical raw materials for national economic development. Transforming and upgrading traditional synthesis ammonia and synthesis methanol industries through green and low-carbon paths is an important direction for promoting energy conservation and carbon reduction in the industrial sector and ensuring the stability of the industrial chain and supply chain.

从生产端全球发展进程看，绿色燃料已完成概念验证，进入产业化提速阶段。欧洲、中东、南美、东南亚等地区持续加大绿色氢、绿色甲醇、绿氨项目布局，国际航运企业、能源企业、港口运营方与装备制造商加快推进产业布局，绿色燃料产业链正从单点突破迈向全链条系统竞争。

From the perspective of the global development process at the production end, green fuels have completed the concept verification and have entered the stage of accelerating industrialization. Regions such as Europe, the Middle East, South America, and Southeast Asia have continuously expanded their layouts for green hydrogen, green methanol, and green ammonia projects. International shipping companies, energy enterprises, port operators, and equipment manufacturers are accelerating their industrial layouts. The green fuel industry chain is moving from single-point breakthroughs to full-chain system competition.

绿色燃料在我国能源发展中战略地位持续提升

The strategic position of green fuels in China's energy development continues to rise.

我国能源资源禀赋呈现“富煤、缺油、少气”特征，石油、天然气对外依存度长期处于较高水平，航运、化工、交通运输等领域对液体、气体燃料的需求将长期存在。在国际能源市场波动加剧、传统油气供应链稳定性承压的新形势下，提升能源供给体系的自主性、多元性与稳定性，成为保障国家能源安全的必然选择。

Our country's energy resources are characterized by "abundant coal, insufficient oil and scarce gas". The dependence on imported oil and natural gas has remained at a relatively high level for a long time. The demand for liquid and gaseous fuels in sectors such as shipping, chemical industry and transportation will persist for a long time. Under the new circumstances where international energy markets are experiencing intensified fluctuations and the stability of traditional oil and gas supply chains is under pressure, enhancing the autonomy, diversity and stability of the energy supply system has become an inevitable choice for ensuring national energy security.

绿色燃料的核心战略意义在于将快速增长的可再生能源转化为可储存、可运输、可交易、可跨区域配置的分子能源，有效增强能源体系韧性，提升对石油及部分化石原料的替代能力。国家政策体系持续完善，进一步明确了绿色燃料的战略定位。2024年印发的《关于大力实施可再生能源替代行动的指导意见》提出，在合成氨、合成甲醇、石化、钢铁等领域推动低碳氢规模化替代高碳氢，支持有条件地区开展绿色氢氨醇在船舶、航空等领域试点应用;《煤电低碳化改造建设行动方案(2024-2027年)》将绿氨掺烧列为煤电低碳发电的重要技术路径。绿色燃料已从新能源延伸应用，升级为能源替代、能源安全与能源利用方式变革的关键支撑。

The core strategic significance of green fuels lies in converting the rapidly growing renewable energy into molecular energy that is capable of being stored, transported, traded, and cross-regionally allocated, effectively enhancing the resilience of the energy system and improving the substitution capacity for oil and some fossil raw materials. The national policy system has been continuously improved, further clarifying the strategic positioning of green fuels. The "Guiding Opinions on Vigorously Implementing the Action of Replacing Fossil Fuels with Renewable Energy" issued in 2024 proposed promoting the large-scale substitution of high-carbon hydrogen with low-carbon hydrogen in fields such as ammonia synthesis, methanol synthesis, petrochemicals, and steel production, and supporting qualified regions to conduct pilot applications of green hydrogen ammonia alcohol in sectors such as ships and aviation; The "Action Plan for the Low-Carbon Transformation and Construction of Coal Power (2024-2027)" lists the blending of green ammonia as an important technical path for low-carbon power generation of coal power. Green fuels have extended their application from new energy to becoming a key support for energy substitution, energy security, and changes in energy utilization methods.

从能源转型阶段性特征看，绿色燃料关乎我国下一阶段能源转型主动权。过去一个阶段，我国新能源发展重心集中在发电侧。进入转型新阶段，仅依靠扩大绿色电力装机与并网规模，难以全面满足能源转型需求，必须同步拓展燃料侧、原料侧与储能侧应用。绿色燃料是打通绿色电力“发、储、运、用”全链条的关键环节，推动我国能源体系从单纯扩大装机规模，迈向提升综合供给能力与系统调节能力的高质量发展新阶段。

From the perspective of the phased characteristics of energy transition, green fuels are crucial for China's initiative in the next stage of energy transformation. In the past period, the focus of China's new energy development was on the power generation side. In the new stage of transformation, merely relying on the expansion of green power generation capacity and grid connection scale is insufficient to fully meet the demands of energy transformation. It is necessary to simultaneously expand applications in the fuel side, raw material side, and energy storage side. Green fuels are the key link in connecting the entire chain of green power from generation, storage, transportation to utilization. They promote China's energy system to move from simply expanding power generation capacity to a new stage of high-quality development that enhances comprehensive supply capacity and system regulation ability.

我国绿色氢氨醇产业迈入体系化布局新阶段

China's green hydrogen-ammonia alcohol industry has entered a new stage of systematic layout.

可再生能源供给能力持续增强，为绿色氢氨醇产业发展筑牢坚实基础。截至 2025年底，全国累计发电装机容量达38.9亿千瓦，其中太阳能发电装机12.0亿千瓦、风电装机6.4亿千瓦。庞大的风光装机规模，既为电力系统绿色转型提供支撑，也为绿色氢氨醇生产提供稳定可靠的绿电来源。

The supply capacity of renewable energy continues to increase, laying a solid foundation for the development of the green hydrogen and ammonia alcohol industry. By the end of 2025, the cumulative installed power generation capacity across the country reached 3.89 billion kilowatts, including 1.20 billion kilowatts of solar power generation capacity and 6.40 billion kilowatts of wind power generation capacity. The huge scale of photovoltaic and wind power installations not only provides support for the green transformation of the power system but also offers a stable and reliable source of green electricity for the production of green hydrogen and ammonia alcohol.

传统产业基础雄厚，是我国发展绿色燃料的突出优势。我国是全球最大制氢国，也是重要的甲醇、合成氨生产国，已形成完备的煤化工、基础化工、装备制造与工程建设体系。我国并非从零起步培育绿色燃料产业，而是依托成熟能源化工产业基础推进绿色升级，绿氢、绿氨、绿色甲醇具备强劲的产业承接能力与项目落地条件。

The robust foundation of traditional industries stands as a prominent advantage for China's development of green fuels. As the world's largest hydrogen producer and a key manufacturer of methanol and synthetic ammonia, China has established a comprehensive system in coal chemical, basic chemical, equipment manufacturing, and engineering construction. The nation does not cultivate the green fuel industry from scratch but leverages its mature energy and chemical industry base to drive green upgrades. Green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol possess strong industrial Acceptance capabilities and project implementation conditions.

从产业推进成效看，我国绿色氢氨醇在项目建设、港口加注、船舶制造等领域实现一系列实质性突破。项目建设方面，吉林松原“青氢一号”绿色氢氨醇一体化项目一期于2025年12月顺利投产，规划分期建设300万千瓦新能源发电装置、年产80万吨绿色合成氨与绿色甲醇;一期建成80万千瓦新能源发电装置，年产4.5万吨绿氢、20万吨绿氨与绿色甲醇，填补我国绿电直连耦合氢氨醇柔性生产的技术空白。

From the perspective of the effectiveness of industrial promotion, China's green hydrogen ammonia alcohol has achieved a series of substantive breakthroughs in areas such as project construction, port refueling, and ship manufacturing. In terms of project construction, the "Qing Hydrogen No.1" integrated green hydrogen ammonia alcohol project in Songyuan, Jilin Province, successfully went into operation in December 2025. The project plans to build three 300-megawatt new energy power generation facilities and produce 800,000 tons of green synthetic ammonia and green methanol annually; the first phase completed the construction of an 80-megawatt new energy power generation facility, producing 45,000 tons of green hydrogen, 200,000 tons of green ammonia, and green methanol, filling the technical gap in the flexible production of green electricity coupled with hydrogen ammonia alcohol in China.

港口加注方面，绿色船燃供给体系实现从单点突破到全链条贯通。上海港完成国产绿色甲醇规模化加注，形成生产、储运、加注一体化甲醇燃料供应体系;洋浦港完成首次国产绿色甲醇加注，大连港完成东北地区首单国际航行船舶保税绿色甲醇加注，深港两地联合发布甲醇加注安全核查指引。我国绿色船燃供给能力正加快向港口端与国际航线端延伸。

In terms of port refueling, the green fuel supply system has achieved a transition from a single breakthrough to a complete chain connection. Shanghai Port has completed the large-scale refueling of domestic green methanol, forming an integrated supply system for methanol fuel including production, storage, transportation and refueling; Yalong Bay Port has completed the first domestic green methanol refueling; Dalian Port has completed the first保税 green methanol refueling for international navigation vessels in the northeastern region； and Shenzhen and Hong Kong jointly issued safety verification guidelines for methanol refueling. The capacity for green fuel supply in China is accelerating its extension to the port end and the international shipping route end.

船舶制造方面，装备技术突破为绿色燃料应用拓展提供有力支撑。国内首制 16000标箱甲醇双燃料集装箱船“中远海运洋浦”轮成功交付，全球最大功率甲醇双燃料船用主机在上海下线，我国已形成甲醇主机、燃料供给系统至整船设计建造的全链条成套能力。

In the field of shipbuilding, technological breakthroughs in equipment have provided strong support for the application of green fuels. The first domestically-built 16,000 TEU methanol dual-fuel container ship, "China COSCO Yubu", was successfully delivered. The world's largest power methanol dual-fuel marine engine was launched in Shanghai, and China has formed a complete chain of integrated capabilities from methanol engines, fuel supply systems to the design and construction of entire ships.

从全球竞争格局看，我国已跻身绿色燃料发展领先梯队。这一优势不仅体现在项目储备与产能规划上，更体现在绿电规模、产业链完整性、港口体系、船舶制造能力与应用场景丰富度等综合维度。依托综合优势，我国未来既能成为绿色燃料重要消费市场，也有望成长为全球核心供给方，在全球绿色燃料产业链中占据数千亿至万亿元级市场份额。

From the perspective of the global competitive landscape, China has entered the leading group in the development of green fuels. This advantage is not only reflected in the project reserves and capacity planning, but also in comprehensive dimensions such as the scale of green electricity, the completeness of the industrial chain, the port system, the shipbuilding capacity, and the richness of application scenarios. Leveraging its comprehensive advantages, China will not only become an important consumer market for green fuels in the future, but also is expected to grow into a global core supplier, occupying a market share of hundreds of billions to trillions of yuan in the global green fuel industry chain.

推动绿色燃料发展仍需把握几个关键着力点

To promote the development of green fuels, several key focuses still need to be addressed.

统筹产能布局与终端消纳，是产业健康发展的基本前提。绿色燃料不是简单多建几个项目就能形成竞争力，关键在于生产端、运输端、港口端、使用端能否协同衔接。完善标准认证和规则衔接，是提升国际竞争力的重要条件。绿色燃料要真正参与全球竞争，既要能够生产出来，也要能够被国际市场认可。推动绿色燃料与装备制造协同发展，则是形成全链条竞争优势的重要环节。金融支持应更加聚焦示范项目、关键装备、港口基础设施和首批应用场景，通过绿色信贷、绿色债券、产业基金等方式，更好服务产业链关键环节，提升产业从示范走向规模发展的能力。

Balancing the production capacity layout and the terminal consumption is the fundamental prerequisite for the healthy development of the industry. Green fuels cannot simply achieve competitiveness by simply building more projects; the key lies in whether the production end, transportation end, port end and usage end can be coordinated and connected. Improving standard certification and rule integration is an important condition for enhancing international competitiveness. For green fuels to truly participate in global competition, they must not only be able to be produced but also be recognized by the international market. Promoting the coordinated development of green fuels and equipment manufacturing is an important link to form a full-chain competitive advantage. Financial support should be more focused on demonstration projects, key equipment, port infrastructure and the first batch of application scenarios. Through green loans, green bonds, industrial funds and other means, it can better serve the key links of the industrial chain and enhance the ability of the industry to move from demonstration to scale development.

总结：我国绿色燃料正迎来重要发展机遇期

Summary: China's green fuels are entering a crucial period of significant development opportunities.

总体来看，绿色燃料既顺应全球能源低碳转型和国际航运减排的总体趋势，也契合我国保障能源安全、推进产业升级和拓展新能源非电利用的现实需要。当前，绿色燃料在我国已不再是单一技术路线或局部应用场景的探索，而是正在成为连接可再生能源开发、传统产业绿色改造和国际绿色竞争的重要载体。随着项目建设、港口加注、船舶制造等环节加快推进，我国绿色燃料产业发展的基础条件正在不断完善。立足可再生能源规模优势、完整产业体系优势和多元应用场景优势，我国具备推动绿色燃料由示范探索迈向规模发展的现实基础，也有条件在未来全球绿色燃料供给体系中占据更加重要的位置。

Overall, green fuels not only conform to the overall trend of global energy transition towards low-carbon and international shipping emission reduction, but also meet the practical needs of China in ensuring energy security, promoting industrial upgrading, and expanding the non-electric utilization of new energy. Currently, green fuels in China are no longer merely explorations of a single technical route or specific application scenarios, but are gradually becoming an important carrier connecting renewable energy development, the green transformation of traditional industries, and international green competition. With the acceleration of project construction, port refueling, and ship manufacturing, the basic conditions for the development of China's green fuel industry are constantly improving. Leveraging the scale advantages of renewable energy, the complete industrial system advantages, and the diverse application scenarios advantages, China has the practical foundation to promote the green fuel industry from demonstration exploration to large-scale development, and also has the conditions to occupy a more important position in the future global green fuel supply system.