石灰石－石膏湿法脱硫工艺是目前世界上应用非常广泛和可靠的工艺。

The limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization process is currently a widely used and reliable technology around the world.

该工艺以石灰石（CaCO3）为吸收剂，通过石灰石浆液在吸收塔内对烟气进行洗涤，去除烟气中的二氧化硫（ SO2 ），反应产生的亚硫酸钙（CaSO3）通过强制氧化生成石膏（CaSO4·2H2O）。

This process uses limestone (CaCO3) as the absorbent. The limestone slurry is used to wash the flue gas in the absorption tower, removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) from the flue gas. The calcium sulfite (CaSO3) produced during the reaction is then oxidized under forced conditions to generate gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O).

CaCO3 ＋ SO2 → CaSO3+CO2        (1)

CaSO3+1/2O2+H2O →CaSO4·2H2O    (2)

工艺流程如下：

The process flow is as follows:

石灰石－石膏湿法脱硫工艺有如下优点：

（1）具有较高的脱硫效率，脱硫效率可达95％以上;

（2）具有较低的吸收剂化学计量比(≤1.03)；

（3）较大幅度降低了液/气比（L/G），使能耗降低；

（4）可得到纯度很高的副产品－石膏，为其综合利用创造了有利条件；

（5）采用空塔型式，可较大幅度地提高烟气流速，减小吸收塔内径，减少占地面积和降低造价，采用空塔可实现无垢运行；

（6）采用价廉易得的石灰石作为吸收剂，能够有效地控制运行成本；

（7）系统可用率可达98％以上,具有较高的可靠性;

（8）对锅炉燃煤煤质变化适应性好，当燃煤含硫量增加时，仍可保持较高的脱硫效率；

（9）对锅炉负荷变化有良好的适应性，在不同的烟气负荷及SO2浓度下，脱硫系统仍可保持较高的脱硫效率及系统稳定性。

The limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization process has the following advantages:

(1) It has a high desulfurization efficiency, with the desulfurization efficiency reaching over 95%.

(2) It has a low chemical ratio of the absorbent (≤1.03).

(3) It significantly reduces the liquid/gas ratio (L/G), thereby lowering energy consumption.

(4) It can obtain highly pure by-products - gypsum, creating favorable conditions for their comprehensive utilization.

(5) Using the tower-type design, it can significantly increase the gas flow rate, reduce the inner diameter of the absorption tower, decrease the floor area and lower the cost. The use of the tower can achieve clean operation without scale formation.

(6) Using inexpensive and readily available limestone as the absorbent can effectively control operating costs.

(7) The system availability rate can reach over 98%, with high reliability.

(8) It has good adaptability to changes in the coal quality of the boiler. Even when the sulfur content of the coal increases, it can still maintain a high desulfurization efficiency.

(9) It has good adaptability to changes in boiler load. Regardless of different flue gas loads and SO2 concentrations, the desulfurization system can still maintain a high desulfurization efficiency and system stability.

还做了如下特性优化：

浆液分配均匀

减少压力降

优化喷嘴布置

简化系统提高可靠性

使维护工作更加简单

进一步提高脱硫效率

降低运行费用

The following feature optimizations were also carried out:

The slurry is distributed evenly.

Reduce pressure drop

Optimize nozzle arrangement

Simplifying the system enhances reliability.

Make the maintenance work simpler

Further enhance the desulfurization efficiency

Reduce operating costs